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Law
گزیده متون حقوقی برای کارشناسی ارشد حقوق
Law[2] is a system of rules, usually enforced through a set of institutions, [3] used to underpin civil obedience, politics, economics and society in numerous ways. It consists of a number of separate disciplines. Contract law regulates everything from buying a bus ticket to trading swaptions on a derivatives market. Property law defines rights and obligations related to transfer and title of personal and real property, for instance, in mortgaging or renting a home. Trust law applies to assets held for investment and financial security, such as pension funds. Tort law allows claims for compensation when someone or their property is injured or harmed. If the harm is criminalised in a penal code, criminal law offers means by which the state prosecutes and punishes the perpetrator. Constitutional law provides a framework for creating laws, protecting people's human rights, and electing political representatives. Administrative law relates to the activities of administrative agencies of government. International law regulates affairs between sovereign nation-states in everything from trade to the environment to military action. Law manifests itself throughout the community in many more ways, and serves as the foremost social mediator of relations between people. Writing in 350 BC, the ancient Greek philosopher Aristotle declared, "The rule of law is better than the rule of any individual."[4]the rightful owner.[29]
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